Calcined Oyster Shell-Humic Complex as Soil Amendment to Remediate Cd- and As-Contaminated Soil

Soil acidification in the subtropical region reduces soil productivity and increases bioavailability of heavy metal(loid)s soil. Here 800 °C-calcined oyster shell leonardite-derived humic substance were combined to form a Ca-humic complex remediate an acidic contaminated by cadmium (Cd) arsenic (As) for safe vegetable production. In pot experiment, was added as amendment at 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 5.0%. A 2.0% dose reduced Cd As contents bok choy 98% 71%, respectively, alleviating human health risk from food chain. The unified bio-accessibility method (UBM) followed estimate As. lowered simulated gastric (BioG) intestine (BioGI) compartments 15.5% BioG-Cd, 39.2% BioGI-Cd, 28.8% BioG-As, 45.0% BioGI-As, thus reducing ingestion. use waste produce is practical means achieving dual agronomic environmental benefits, remediation contamination disposal waste.